İklim Değişikliği Etkisinde Kıyı Kentlerin Sürdürülebilirliğinde Mersin Örneği

Nihal ZENGİN; Ruşen YAMAÇLI

doi:10.21324/dacd.1286565

Journal of Natural Hazards and Environment

Research Article

The Example of Mersin in the Sustainability of Coastal Cities under the Impact of Climate Change

Year 2023, Volume: 9 Issue: 2, 295 - 310, 30.07.2023

Nihal ZENGİN Ruşen YAMAÇLI

https://doi.org/10.21324/dacd.1286565

Abstract

It is seen that cities, which have hosted different cultures and civilizations in the historical process and have a lively and dynamic structure, have been shaped with different characteristics under the influence of many factors. Topography, water and railroads, historical and social values are shown as important factors in the shaping of the city. In general, coastal cities established along the coasts of sea and lake shores have received immigration as a result of the opportunities they offer and new places have been produced in order to meet the needs and demands of the increasing population. As a result, the building stock has increased rapidly and the city forms have changed. Coastal cities, where the population, production and consumption are high, are directly affected by global warming and the climate change it brings with it, which has been felt more in recent years. In this research article, it is aimed to increase the current and future performance of Mersin city and its components selected as a field study in adapting and combating global warming and climate change. In this context, the national and international literature has been analyzed in depth and the way cities located on the coasts of the world have followed in adapting and combating climate change has been examined in detail. As a result of the article, in order to use it as a base for creating resistant and sustainable settlements in coastal cities, in particular the city of Mersin, which is located on the coast, what needs to be done in adaptation and combating with climate change is listed.

Keywords

Climate Change, Sustainability, Resilience, Coastal City, Local Government

References

Adelekan I.O., (2010), Vulnerability of poor urban coastal communities to flooding in Lagos, Nigeria, Environment and Urbanization, 22(2), 433-450.
Adenle A.A., Ford J.D., Morton J., Twomlow S., Alverson K., Cattaneo A., Helfgott A., (2017), Managing climate change risks in Africa-A global perspective, Ecological Economics, 141, 190-201.
Adıyeke N., Adıyeke N., (2004), Modernleşmenin doğurduğu kent: Mersin, Sırtı Dağ, Yüzü Deniz: Mersin’in İçinde, (Özdem F., Ed.), Yapı Kredi Yayınları, İstanbul, ss.69-88.
Bayhan İ.H., (1962), Şehir planlaması, İTÜ Mimarlık Fakültesi, Şehir Bölge Yayınları, İstanbul, 384ss.
Bazilchuk N., (2018), New study estimates the carbon foot prints of 13,000 cities, Phys.org, https://phys.org/news/2018-05-carbon-footprints-cities.html, [Erişim 08 Ocak 2023].
BM, (2018), 68% of the world population projected to live in urban areas by 2050, says UN, https://www.un.org/development/desa/en/ news/population/2018-revision-of-world-urbanization-prospects.html, [Erişim 08 Ocak 2023].
Busby J., Smith T.G., Krishnan N., Wight C., Vallejo-Gutierrez S., (2018), In harm's way: Climate security vulnerability in Asia, World Development, 112, 88-118.
Cathcart-Keays A., (2017), Why Copenhagen is building parks that can turn into ponds, http://citiscope.org/story/2016/ whycopenhagen-building-parks-can-turn-ponds, [Erişim 08 Ocak 2023].
Develi Ş.H., (2008), Dünden bugüne Mersin, Mersin Büyükşehir Belediyesi, Mersin, 280ss.
Energy.Gov., (2018), Climate action champions: San Francisco, CA, https://www.energy.gov/policy/climateaction-champions-san-francisco-ca, [Erişim 08 Ocak 2023].
Gerdes J., (2012), What copenhagen can teach cities about adapting to climate change, https://www.forbes.com/sites/justingerdes/ 2012/10/31/what-copenhagen-can-teach-citiesabout-adapting-to-climate change/#5fae9d371e89, [Erişim 08 Ocak 2023].
GGMCF, (2023), Global gridded model of carbon footprints, https://www.citycarbonfootprints.info/, [Erişim 15 Mart 2023].
GlashusEtt (2017), Hammarby Sjöstad-A unique environmental project in Stockholm, http://carbonn.org/uploads/tx_carbonndata/H S-en_unik_engelska11.pdf, [Erişim 08 Ocak 2023].
Goering L., (2017), From recycling royalty to smart buildings, Stockholm mayor takes on climate change, https://www.reuters.com/ article/usclimatechange-stockholm-mayoridUSKBN16D13Z, [Erişim 08 Ocak 2023].
Gómez-Baggethun E., Barton D.N., (2013), Classifying and valuing ecosystem services for urban planning, Ecological Economics, 86, 235-245.
Hoornweg D., Sugar L., Trejos Gomez C.L., (2011), Cities and greenhouse gas emissions: moving forward, Environment and Urbanization, 23(1), 207-227.
IEA, (2008), World energy Outlook 2008, International Energy Agency (IEA), https://www.iea.org/reports/world-energy-outlook-2008, [Erişim 08 Ocak 2023].
Jones S., (2018), Cities responding to climate change: Copenhagen, Stockholm and Tokyo, Palgrave Macmillan Cham, Switzerland, 293ss.
Keleş R., (1998), Kentbilim terimleri Sözlüğü, İmge Kitabevi, Ankara, 251ss.
Kıray M., (1998), Örgütleşemeyen kent: İzmir, Bağlam Yayınları, İstanbul, 125ss.
Klimakvarter.dk, (2015), Copenhagen carbon neutral by 2025: Copenhagen climate resilient neighbourhood, Klimakvarter, http://www.klimakvarter.dk/wpcontent/2013/03/klimakvarter_ENG_low.pdf, [Erişim 08 Ocak 2023].
Kostof S., (1991), The city shaped, urban patterns and meanings through History, Thames and Huston Ltd., London, 352ss.
Li D., Bou-Zeid E., (2013), Synergistic interactions between urban heat islands and heat waves: the impact in cities is larger than the sum of its parts, Journal of applied Meteorology and Climatology, 52(9), 2051-2064.
Low M., (2018), 2018 as Singapore’s Year of Climate Action, Energy Studies Intitute, http://esi.nus.edu.sg/docs/default-source/esipolicy-briefs/2018-as-singapore's-year-ofclimate-action.pdf?sfvrsn=2, [Erişim 08 Ocak 2023].
Luederitz C., Brink E., Gralla F., Hermelingmeier V., Meyer M., Niven L., Sasaki R., (2015), A review of urban ecosystem services: six key challenges for future research, Ecosystem Services, 14, 98-112.
Lynch K., (1960), The Image of the City, The MIT Press, Massachusetts, USA, 103ss.
McGranahan G., Balk D., Anderson B., (2007), The rising tide: assessing the risks of climate change and human settlements in low elevation coastal zones, Environment and Urbanization, 19(1), 17-37.
Miljø Metropolen, (2011), Copenhagen carbon neutral by 2025: Copenhagen climate adaptation plan, https://en.klimatilpasning.dk/ media/568851/copenhagen_adaption_plan.pdf, [Erişim 08 Ocak 2023].
Miller M., (2018), Here’s how much cities contribute to the world’s carbon footprint, Scientific American, https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/heres-how-much-cities-contribute-to-the-worlds-carbon-footprint/, [Erişim 08 Ocak 2023].
MEWR, (2016), Singapore’s Climate Action Plan: A climate-resilient Singapore for a sustainable future, Ministry of the environment and water resources (MEWR), Ministry of National Development, https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/content/documents/ 1549Climate_Action_Plan_Publication_Part_2.pdf, [Erişim 08 Ocak 2023].
Morris A.E.J., (1994), History of urban form-before the ındustrial revolutions, Longman Scientific & Technical, New York, 444ss.
NCCS, (2017), Singapore unveils latest plans for addressing climate change, https://www.nccs.gov.sg/news/singaporeunveils-latest-plans-addressing-climatechange, [Erişim 08 Ocak 2023].
NRDC, (2017), Water Facts, San Francisco, California: Identifying and becoming more resilient to impacts of climate change, https://www.nrdc.org/sites/default/files/ClimateWaterFS_SanFranciscoCA.pdf, [Erişim 08 Ocak 2023].
Ország J., (2018), Hammarby Sjöstad: From Polluted Harbour to Eco-Friendly Role Model, https://trevl.eu/hammarby-sjostad-frompolluted-harbour-to-eco-friendly-role-model/, [Erişim 08 Ocak 2023].
Reckien D., Creutzig F., Fernandez B., Lwasa S., Tovar-Restrepo M., Mcevoy D., Satterthwaite D., (2017), Climate change, equity and the sustainable development goals: an urban perspective, Environment and Urbanization, 29(1), 159-182.
Revi A., Satterthwaite D.E., Aragón-Durand F., Corfee-Morlot J., Kiunsi R.B., Pelling M., Solecki W., (2014), Urban areas, https://www.ipcc.ch/site/assets/uploads/2018/02/WGIIAR5-Chap8_FINAL.pdf, [Erişim 08 Ocak 2023].
Rosenzweig C., Solecki W.D., Hammer S.A., Mehrotra S., (2011), Climate change and cities: first assessment report of the urban climate change research network, Cambridge University Press, New York, 312ss.
SFDE, (2013), San Francisco climate action strategy - 2013 update, San Francisco Department of Environment (SFDE), https://sfenvironment.org/sites/default/files/fliers/files/sfeccclimateactionstrategyupdate2013.pdf, [Erişim 08 Ocak 2023].
Satterthwaite D., (2008), Cities' contribution to global warming: notes on the allocation of greenhouse gas emissions, Environment and Urbanization, 20(2), 539-549.
S–TCS, (2017), Stockholm´s green projects on show in Munich, Stockholm-The capital of Scandinavia, http://www.investstockholm.com/news/stockh olms-green-projects-on-show-in-munich/, [Erişim 08 Ocak 2023].
TGCMC & Energy, (2017), The global covenant of mayors for climate & energy, http://www.globalcovenantofmayors.org/cities/san-francisco-ca/#profile, [Erişim 08 Ocak 2023].
The Local.se, (2017), Flash floods cause chaos in Southern Sweden, https://www.thelocal.se/20140831/flashfloods-cause-chaos-in-southern-sweden, [Erişim 08 Ocak 2023].
TSI, (2017), Facts About Sweden: Climate is Key for Sweden, The Swedish Institute (TSI), https://sweden.se/wpcontent/uploads/2015/ 08/Environment_high_resolution.pdf, [Erişim 08 Ocak 2023].
Toksöz M., (2002), 19. yüzyılda bir Doğu Akdeniz liman kenti, 19.yy.’da Mersin ve Akdeniz Dünyası’nın İçinde, Mersin Üniversitesi Akdeniz Kent Arş. Mrk. Yayınları, Mersin, Türkiye, 155ss.
UN-HABITAT, (2016), Urbanization and Development: Emerging Futures, http://wcr.unhabitat.org/, [Erişim 11 Mart 2023].
URL-1, (2023), Mersin, Vikipedi, https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mersin, [Erişim 06 Ocak 2023].
URL-2, (2023), Mediterranean sea location map, https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dosya:Mediterranean_Sea_location_map.svg, [Erişim 08 Ocak 2023].
URL-3, (2023), Mersin Ticaret ve Sanayi Odası, http://www.mtso.org.tr, [Erişim 11 Mart 2023].
URL-4, (2023), Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu, https://www.tuik.gov.tr/, [Erişim 17 Mart 2023].
URL-5, (2023), Yat limanları, T.C. Kültür ve Turizm Bakanlığı, https://mersin.ktb.gov.tr/TR-73461/yat-limanlari.html, [Erişim 08 Mart 2023].
URL-6, (2023), 2022 yılı iklim değerlendirmesi, T.C. Çevre, Şehircilik ve İklim Değişikliği Bakanlığı Meteoroloji Genel Müdürlüğü, https://www.mgm.gov.tr/FILES/iklim/yillikiklim/2022-iklim-raporu.pdf, [Erişim 28 Haziran 2023].
URL-7. (2023), İllere ait mevsim normalleri (1991-2020), Meteoroloji Genel Müdürlüğü, https://www.mgm.gov.tr/veridegerlendirme/ il-ve-ilceler-istatistik.aspx?m=MERSIN , [Erişim 28 Haziran 2023].
URL-8, (2023), Mersin yat limanı, https://www.facebook.com/mersinyatlimani/photos/pb.100064422830231.-2207520000./ 6137239076298519/ ?type=3 ,[Erişim 25 Haziran 2023].
URL-9, (2023), Mersin marina, Deniz Turizmi Birliği Derneği, https://denizturizmbirligi.org.tr/marina/mersin-marina/, [Erişim 25 Mart 2023].
Ünlü T., (2007), Mersin’in Mekânsal Biçimlenme Süreci ve Planlama Deneyimleri, Gazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi, 22(3), 425-436.

İklim Değişikliği Etkisinde Kıyı Kentlerin Sürdürülebilirliğinde Mersin Örneği

Year 2023, Volume: 9 Issue: 2, 295 - 310, 30.07.2023

Nihal ZENGİN Ruşen YAMAÇLI

https://doi.org/10.21324/dacd.1286565

Abstract

Tarihsel süreç içerisinde birbirinden farklı kültür ve uygarlıklara ev sahipliği yapan, canlı ve dinamik bir yapıya sahip olan kentlerin birçok faktörün etkisinde kalarak farklı özelliklerde şekillendiği görülmektedir. Topografya, su ve demir yolları, tarihsel ve toplumsal değerler kentin şekillenmesinde önemli faktörler olarak gösterilmektedir. Genel olarak deniz ve göl kıyılarında kıyı boyunca kurulan kıyı kentler, sunduğu imkanlar neticesinde göç almış ve artan nüfusun gereksinimlerini ve taleplerini karşılamak amacıyla yeni mekanlar üretilmiştir. Buna bağlı olarak bina stoku hızla artmış ve kent formları değişmiştir. Nüfusun, üretimin ve tüketimin fazla olduğu kıyı kentler, son yıllarda etkisinin daha fazla hissedildiği küresel ısınma ve beraberinde getirdiği iklim değişikliğinden doğrudan etkilenmektedir. Bu araştırma makalesinde alan çalışması olarak seçilen Mersin kentinin ve kentin bileşenlerinin küresel ısınma ve iklim değişikliği ile uyum ve mücadelede mevcut ve gelecekteki performansının arttırılması amaçlanmaktadır. Bu bağlamda, ulusal ve uluslararası literatür derinlemesine analiz edilerek, dünya çapında kıyıda konumlanan kentlerin iklim değişikliği ile uyum ve mücadele nasıl bir yol izledikleri detaylı olarak incelenmiştir. Makalenin sonucunda kıyıda konumlanan Mersin kenti özelinde, kıyı kentlerde dirençli ve sürdürülebilir yerleşmeler oluşturma yolunda bir altlık olarak kullanılması için iklim değişikliği ile uyum ve mücadelede yapılması gerekenler sıralanmıştır.

Keywords

İklim Değişikliği, Sürdürülebilirlik, Dirençlilik, Kıyı Kent, Yerel Yönetim

References

Adelekan I.O., (2010), Vulnerability of poor urban coastal communities to flooding in Lagos, Nigeria, Environment and Urbanization, 22(2), 433-450.
Adenle A.A., Ford J.D., Morton J., Twomlow S., Alverson K., Cattaneo A., Helfgott A., (2017), Managing climate change risks in Africa-A global perspective, Ecological Economics, 141, 190-201.
Adıyeke N., Adıyeke N., (2004), Modernleşmenin doğurduğu kent: Mersin, Sırtı Dağ, Yüzü Deniz: Mersin’in İçinde, (Özdem F., Ed.), Yapı Kredi Yayınları, İstanbul, ss.69-88.
Bayhan İ.H., (1962), Şehir planlaması, İTÜ Mimarlık Fakültesi, Şehir Bölge Yayınları, İstanbul, 384ss.
Bazilchuk N., (2018), New study estimates the carbon foot prints of 13,000 cities, Phys.org, https://phys.org/news/2018-05-carbon-footprints-cities.html, [Erişim 08 Ocak 2023].
BM, (2018), 68% of the world population projected to live in urban areas by 2050, says UN, https://www.un.org/development/desa/en/ news/population/2018-revision-of-world-urbanization-prospects.html, [Erişim 08 Ocak 2023].
Busby J., Smith T.G., Krishnan N., Wight C., Vallejo-Gutierrez S., (2018), In harm's way: Climate security vulnerability in Asia, World Development, 112, 88-118.
Cathcart-Keays A., (2017), Why Copenhagen is building parks that can turn into ponds, http://citiscope.org/story/2016/ whycopenhagen-building-parks-can-turn-ponds, [Erişim 08 Ocak 2023].
Develi Ş.H., (2008), Dünden bugüne Mersin, Mersin Büyükşehir Belediyesi, Mersin, 280ss.
Energy.Gov., (2018), Climate action champions: San Francisco, CA, https://www.energy.gov/policy/climateaction-champions-san-francisco-ca, [Erişim 08 Ocak 2023].
Gerdes J., (2012), What copenhagen can teach cities about adapting to climate change, https://www.forbes.com/sites/justingerdes/ 2012/10/31/what-copenhagen-can-teach-citiesabout-adapting-to-climate change/#5fae9d371e89, [Erişim 08 Ocak 2023].
GGMCF, (2023), Global gridded model of carbon footprints, https://www.citycarbonfootprints.info/, [Erişim 15 Mart 2023].
GlashusEtt (2017), Hammarby Sjöstad-A unique environmental project in Stockholm, http://carbonn.org/uploads/tx_carbonndata/H S-en_unik_engelska11.pdf, [Erişim 08 Ocak 2023].
Goering L., (2017), From recycling royalty to smart buildings, Stockholm mayor takes on climate change, https://www.reuters.com/ article/usclimatechange-stockholm-mayoridUSKBN16D13Z, [Erişim 08 Ocak 2023].
Gómez-Baggethun E., Barton D.N., (2013), Classifying and valuing ecosystem services for urban planning, Ecological Economics, 86, 235-245.
Hoornweg D., Sugar L., Trejos Gomez C.L., (2011), Cities and greenhouse gas emissions: moving forward, Environment and Urbanization, 23(1), 207-227.
IEA, (2008), World energy Outlook 2008, International Energy Agency (IEA), https://www.iea.org/reports/world-energy-outlook-2008, [Erişim 08 Ocak 2023].
Jones S., (2018), Cities responding to climate change: Copenhagen, Stockholm and Tokyo, Palgrave Macmillan Cham, Switzerland, 293ss.
Keleş R., (1998), Kentbilim terimleri Sözlüğü, İmge Kitabevi, Ankara, 251ss.
Kıray M., (1998), Örgütleşemeyen kent: İzmir, Bağlam Yayınları, İstanbul, 125ss.
Klimakvarter.dk, (2015), Copenhagen carbon neutral by 2025: Copenhagen climate resilient neighbourhood, Klimakvarter, http://www.klimakvarter.dk/wpcontent/2013/03/klimakvarter_ENG_low.pdf, [Erişim 08 Ocak 2023].
Kostof S., (1991), The city shaped, urban patterns and meanings through History, Thames and Huston Ltd., London, 352ss.
Li D., Bou-Zeid E., (2013), Synergistic interactions between urban heat islands and heat waves: the impact in cities is larger than the sum of its parts, Journal of applied Meteorology and Climatology, 52(9), 2051-2064.
Low M., (2018), 2018 as Singapore’s Year of Climate Action, Energy Studies Intitute, http://esi.nus.edu.sg/docs/default-source/esipolicy-briefs/2018-as-singapore's-year-ofclimate-action.pdf?sfvrsn=2, [Erişim 08 Ocak 2023].
Luederitz C., Brink E., Gralla F., Hermelingmeier V., Meyer M., Niven L., Sasaki R., (2015), A review of urban ecosystem services: six key challenges for future research, Ecosystem Services, 14, 98-112.
Lynch K., (1960), The Image of the City, The MIT Press, Massachusetts, USA, 103ss.
McGranahan G., Balk D., Anderson B., (2007), The rising tide: assessing the risks of climate change and human settlements in low elevation coastal zones, Environment and Urbanization, 19(1), 17-37.
Miljø Metropolen, (2011), Copenhagen carbon neutral by 2025: Copenhagen climate adaptation plan, https://en.klimatilpasning.dk/ media/568851/copenhagen_adaption_plan.pdf, [Erişim 08 Ocak 2023].
Miller M., (2018), Here’s how much cities contribute to the world’s carbon footprint, Scientific American, https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/heres-how-much-cities-contribute-to-the-worlds-carbon-footprint/, [Erişim 08 Ocak 2023].
MEWR, (2016), Singapore’s Climate Action Plan: A climate-resilient Singapore for a sustainable future, Ministry of the environment and water resources (MEWR), Ministry of National Development, https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/content/documents/ 1549Climate_Action_Plan_Publication_Part_2.pdf, [Erişim 08 Ocak 2023].
Morris A.E.J., (1994), History of urban form-before the ındustrial revolutions, Longman Scientific & Technical, New York, 444ss.
NCCS, (2017), Singapore unveils latest plans for addressing climate change, https://www.nccs.gov.sg/news/singaporeunveils-latest-plans-addressing-climatechange, [Erişim 08 Ocak 2023].
NRDC, (2017), Water Facts, San Francisco, California: Identifying and becoming more resilient to impacts of climate change, https://www.nrdc.org/sites/default/files/ClimateWaterFS_SanFranciscoCA.pdf, [Erişim 08 Ocak 2023].
Ország J., (2018), Hammarby Sjöstad: From Polluted Harbour to Eco-Friendly Role Model, https://trevl.eu/hammarby-sjostad-frompolluted-harbour-to-eco-friendly-role-model/, [Erişim 08 Ocak 2023].
Reckien D., Creutzig F., Fernandez B., Lwasa S., Tovar-Restrepo M., Mcevoy D., Satterthwaite D., (2017), Climate change, equity and the sustainable development goals: an urban perspective, Environment and Urbanization, 29(1), 159-182.
Revi A., Satterthwaite D.E., Aragón-Durand F., Corfee-Morlot J., Kiunsi R.B., Pelling M., Solecki W., (2014), Urban areas, https://www.ipcc.ch/site/assets/uploads/2018/02/WGIIAR5-Chap8_FINAL.pdf, [Erişim 08 Ocak 2023].
Rosenzweig C., Solecki W.D., Hammer S.A., Mehrotra S., (2011), Climate change and cities: first assessment report of the urban climate change research network, Cambridge University Press, New York, 312ss.
SFDE, (2013), San Francisco climate action strategy - 2013 update, San Francisco Department of Environment (SFDE), https://sfenvironment.org/sites/default/files/fliers/files/sfeccclimateactionstrategyupdate2013.pdf, [Erişim 08 Ocak 2023].
Satterthwaite D., (2008), Cities' contribution to global warming: notes on the allocation of greenhouse gas emissions, Environment and Urbanization, 20(2), 539-549.
S–TCS, (2017), Stockholm´s green projects on show in Munich, Stockholm-The capital of Scandinavia, http://www.investstockholm.com/news/stockh olms-green-projects-on-show-in-munich/, [Erişim 08 Ocak 2023].
TGCMC & Energy, (2017), The global covenant of mayors for climate & energy, http://www.globalcovenantofmayors.org/cities/san-francisco-ca/#profile, [Erişim 08 Ocak 2023].
The Local.se, (2017), Flash floods cause chaos in Southern Sweden, https://www.thelocal.se/20140831/flashfloods-cause-chaos-in-southern-sweden, [Erişim 08 Ocak 2023].
TSI, (2017), Facts About Sweden: Climate is Key for Sweden, The Swedish Institute (TSI), https://sweden.se/wpcontent/uploads/2015/ 08/Environment_high_resolution.pdf, [Erişim 08 Ocak 2023].
Toksöz M., (2002), 19. yüzyılda bir Doğu Akdeniz liman kenti, 19.yy.’da Mersin ve Akdeniz Dünyası’nın İçinde, Mersin Üniversitesi Akdeniz Kent Arş. Mrk. Yayınları, Mersin, Türkiye, 155ss.
UN-HABITAT, (2016), Urbanization and Development: Emerging Futures, http://wcr.unhabitat.org/, [Erişim 11 Mart 2023].
URL-1, (2023), Mersin, Vikipedi, https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mersin, [Erişim 06 Ocak 2023].
URL-2, (2023), Mediterranean sea location map, https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dosya:Mediterranean_Sea_location_map.svg, [Erişim 08 Ocak 2023].
URL-3, (2023), Mersin Ticaret ve Sanayi Odası, http://www.mtso.org.tr, [Erişim 11 Mart 2023].
URL-4, (2023), Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu, https://www.tuik.gov.tr/, [Erişim 17 Mart 2023].
URL-5, (2023), Yat limanları, T.C. Kültür ve Turizm Bakanlığı, https://mersin.ktb.gov.tr/TR-73461/yat-limanlari.html, [Erişim 08 Mart 2023].
URL-6, (2023), 2022 yılı iklim değerlendirmesi, T.C. Çevre, Şehircilik ve İklim Değişikliği Bakanlığı Meteoroloji Genel Müdürlüğü, https://www.mgm.gov.tr/FILES/iklim/yillikiklim/2022-iklim-raporu.pdf, [Erişim 28 Haziran 2023].
URL-7. (2023), İllere ait mevsim normalleri (1991-2020), Meteoroloji Genel Müdürlüğü, https://www.mgm.gov.tr/veridegerlendirme/ il-ve-ilceler-istatistik.aspx?m=MERSIN , [Erişim 28 Haziran 2023].
URL-8, (2023), Mersin yat limanı, https://www.facebook.com/mersinyatlimani/photos/pb.100064422830231.-2207520000./ 6137239076298519/ ?type=3 ,[Erişim 25 Haziran 2023].
URL-9, (2023), Mersin marina, Deniz Turizmi Birliği Derneği, https://denizturizmbirligi.org.tr/marina/mersin-marina/, [Erişim 25 Mart 2023].
Ünlü T., (2007), Mersin’in Mekânsal Biçimlenme Süreci ve Planlama Deneyimleri, Gazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi, 22(3), 425-436.

Details

Primary Language	Turkish
Subjects	Environmental Sciences, Climate Change Impacts and Adaptation (Other)
Journal Section	Research Articles
Authors	Nihal ZENGİN TOKAT GAZİOSMANPAŞA ÜNİVERSİTESİ 0000-0003-2640-0304 Türkiye Ruşen YAMAÇLI ESKİŞEHİR TEKNİK ÜNİVERSİTESİ 0000-0001-9659-9246 Türkiye
Publication Date	July 30, 2023
Published in Issue	Year 2023Volume: 9 Issue: 2

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Bibtex	@research article { dacd1286565, journal = {Doğal Afetler ve Çevre Dergisi}, eissn = {2528-9640}, address = {}, publisher = {Artvin Çoruh University}, year = {2023}, volume = {9}, number = {2}, pages = {295 - 310}, doi = {10.21324/dacd.1286565}, title = {İklim Değişikliği Etkisinde Kıyı Kentlerin Sürdürülebilirliğinde Mersin Örneği}, key = {cite}, author = {Zengin, Nihal and Yamaçlı, Ruşen} }
APA	Zengin, N. & Yamaçlı, R. (2023). İklim Değişikliği Etkisinde Kıyı Kentlerin Sürdürülebilirliğinde Mersin Örneği . Doğal Afetler ve Çevre Dergisi , 9 (2) , 295-310 . DOI: 10.21324/dacd.1286565
MLA	Zengin, N. , Yamaçlı, R. "İklim Değişikliği Etkisinde Kıyı Kentlerin Sürdürülebilirliğinde Mersin Örneği" . Doğal Afetler ve Çevre Dergisi 9 (2023 ): 295-310 <http://dacd.artvin.edu.tr/en/pub/issue/79077/1286565>
Chicago	Zengin, N. , Yamaçlı, R. "İklim Değişikliği Etkisinde Kıyı Kentlerin Sürdürülebilirliğinde Mersin Örneği". Doğal Afetler ve Çevre Dergisi 9 (2023 ): 295-310
RIS	TY - JOUR T1 - The Example of Mersin in the Sustainability of Coastal Cities under the Impact of Climate Change AU - NihalZengin, RuşenYamaçlı Y1 - 2023 PY - 2023 N1 - doi: 10.21324/dacd.1286565 DO - 10.21324/dacd.1286565 T2 - Doğal Afetler ve Çevre Dergisi JF - Journal JO - JOR SP - 295 EP - 310 VL - 9 IS - 2 SN - -2528-9640 M3 - doi: 10.21324/dacd.1286565 UR - https://doi.org/10.21324/dacd.1286565 Y2 - 2023 ER -
EndNote	%0 Journal of Natural Hazards and Environment İklim Değişikliği Etkisinde Kıyı Kentlerin Sürdürülebilirliğinde Mersin Örneği %A Nihal Zengin , Ruşen Yamaçlı %T İklim Değişikliği Etkisinde Kıyı Kentlerin Sürdürülebilirliğinde Mersin Örneği %D 2023 %J Doğal Afetler ve Çevre Dergisi %P -2528-9640 %V 9 %N 2 %R doi: 10.21324/dacd.1286565 %U 10.21324/dacd.1286565
ISNAD	Zengin, Nihal , Yamaçlı, Ruşen . "İklim Değişikliği Etkisinde Kıyı Kentlerin Sürdürülebilirliğinde Mersin Örneği". Doğal Afetler ve Çevre Dergisi 9 / 2 (July 2023): 295-310 . https://doi.org/10.21324/dacd.1286565
AMA	Zengin N. , Yamaçlı R. İklim Değişikliği Etkisinde Kıyı Kentlerin Sürdürülebilirliğinde Mersin Örneği. J Nat Haz Environ. 2023; 9(2): 295-310.
Vancouver	Zengin N. , Yamaçlı R. İklim Değişikliği Etkisinde Kıyı Kentlerin Sürdürülebilirliğinde Mersin Örneği. Doğal Afetler ve Çevre Dergisi. 2023; 9(2): 295-310.
IEEE	N. Zengin and R. Yamaçlı , "İklim Değişikliği Etkisinde Kıyı Kentlerin Sürdürülebilirliğinde Mersin Örneği", Doğal Afetler ve Çevre Dergisi, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 295-310, Jul. 2023, doi:10.21324/dacd.1286565

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