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Relationship Between Undrained Shear Strength with Atterberg Limits of Kaolinite/Bentonite – Quartz Mixtures

Year 2018, Volume: 10 Issue: 3, 92 - 102, 31.12.2018
https://doi.org/10.29137/umagd.480150

Abstract

The main
purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the undrained
shear strength and the Atterberg limits of quartz clay mixtures using the
falling cone test and the casagrande method. As a result, the penetration depth
of the fall cone, which determines the liquid limit close to the value obtained
by the casagrande method, was changed by the presence or absence of fine
grained soils. It was shown that the same clay type with a much higher quartz
content led to smaller undrained shear strength values. The undrained shear
strength value with a small amount of quartz was the lowest; it then increased
with the increase in fine content. The relationship between the undrained shear
strength and the Atterberg limits for all the samples can be divided into three
parts: (1) quartz clay (kaolinite/bentonite) mixtures ratio, (2) type of clay (plasticity;
high - low plasticity), and (3) plastic limit value. Finally, an equation for
the fall cone test used to determine the Atterberg limit of quartz clay
mixtures, was proposed based on the undrained shear strength and initial water
content.

References

  • Berilgen SA, Kılıç¸, H, Ozaydın K. (2007) Determination of undrained shear strength for dredged golden horn marine clay with laboratory tests. Proceedings of the Sri Lankan geotechnical society’s first international conference on soil & rock engineering, August 5–11, Colombo, Sri Lanka
  • Belvisco, R., Clampoli, S., Cotecchia, V., and Federico, A. (1985). ‘‘Use of cone penetrometer to determine consistency limits.’’ Ground Eng., 18~5, 21–22.British Standards Institution. 1990. Methods of test for soils for civil engineering purposes (BS 1377). British Standards Institution,London.
  • Casagrande A (1932) Research on the atterberg limits of soils. Public Roads 13(3):121–130 (136)
  • Federico A (1983) Relationships (Cu–w) and (Cu–s) for remolded clayey soils at high water content. Riv Ital Geotech 17(1):38–41
  • Hansbo, S. 1957. A new approach to the determination of the shear strength of clay by the fall-cone test. Royal Swedish
  • Hong Z, Liuz S, Shen S, Negami T (2006) Comparison in Undrained Shear Strength between Undisturbed and Remolded Ariake Clays. J Geotech Geoenv Eng 132(2):272–275
  • Koumoto T, Houlsby GT (2001) Theory and practice of the fall cone test. Geˆotechnique 51(8):701–712
  • Lambe, T.W. (1960). A mechanistic picture of shear strength in clay. In Proceedings of the Research Conference on Shear Strength of Cohesive Soils, Boulder, Colo., pp. 555–580.
  • Lee LT (2004) Predicting geotechnical parameters for dredged materials using the slump test method and index property correlations. DOER Technical Notes collection (ERDC TNDOER- D-1), U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Vicksburg, Mississippi. http://www.wes.army. mil/el/dots/doer
  • Nagaraj, T. S., Srinivasa Murthy, B. R., and Vatsala A. (1994). Analysis and prediction of soil behaviour, Wiley Eastern Limited, India.
  • Norman LEJ (1958) A comparison of values of liquid limit determined with apparatus having bases of different hardness. Geˆotechnique 8(2):79–83
  • Trauner L, Dolinar B, Misˇicˇ M (2005) Relationship between the undrained shear strength, water content, and mineralogical properties of fine-grained soils. Int J Geomech 5(4):350–355
  • Shimobe, S. (1999). Simultaneous determination of liquid and plastic limits of soils by extended BS fall cone method and its engineering application. Proc. Of the 44th Symp. On Geotech. Engrg.. JGS, Now. 18-19, Osaka, Japan:7-12.
  • Shimobe, S. (2000). Correlations among liquidity index, undrained shear strength and fall cone penetration of fine grained soils. Proc. Of the Int. Symp. On Coastal Geotech. Engrg. In Practice Sept. 20-22, Yokohama, Vol 1: 141-146.
  • Skempton, A. W., and Northey, R. D. (1953). ‘‘The sensitivity of clays.’’ Geotechnique, 3, 30–53.
  • Stone KJL, Phan KD (1995) Cone penetration tests near the plastic limit. Geˆotechnique 45(1):155–158
  • Yilmaz I, (2000) Evaluation of shear strength of clayey soils by using their liquidity index. Bull Eng. Geol. Env. 59(3):227–229
  • Youseff MS, El Ramli AH, El Demery M (1965) Relationships between shear strength, consolidation, liquid limit, and plastic limit for remoulded clays. In Proceedings 6th international conference on soil mechanics and foundation engineering, vol 1. Montreal, pp. 126–129.
  • Yong, R.N., and Warkentin, B.P. 1966. Introduction to soil behaviour. The MacMillan Company, New York. Wood DM, Wroth CP (1978) The use of the cone penetrometer to determine the plastic limit of soils. Ground Eng 11(3):37.
  • Wood DM, (1985) Some Fallcone tests. Geotech 35(1):64–68.
  • Wood, D.M. (1983) Cone penetrometer and liquid limit: Discussion. Géotechnique, 33(1): 76–80.
Year 2018, Volume: 10 Issue: 3, 92 - 102, 31.12.2018
https://doi.org/10.29137/umagd.480150

Abstract

References

  • Berilgen SA, Kılıç¸, H, Ozaydın K. (2007) Determination of undrained shear strength for dredged golden horn marine clay with laboratory tests. Proceedings of the Sri Lankan geotechnical society’s first international conference on soil & rock engineering, August 5–11, Colombo, Sri Lanka
  • Belvisco, R., Clampoli, S., Cotecchia, V., and Federico, A. (1985). ‘‘Use of cone penetrometer to determine consistency limits.’’ Ground Eng., 18~5, 21–22.British Standards Institution. 1990. Methods of test for soils for civil engineering purposes (BS 1377). British Standards Institution,London.
  • Casagrande A (1932) Research on the atterberg limits of soils. Public Roads 13(3):121–130 (136)
  • Federico A (1983) Relationships (Cu–w) and (Cu–s) for remolded clayey soils at high water content. Riv Ital Geotech 17(1):38–41
  • Hansbo, S. 1957. A new approach to the determination of the shear strength of clay by the fall-cone test. Royal Swedish
  • Hong Z, Liuz S, Shen S, Negami T (2006) Comparison in Undrained Shear Strength between Undisturbed and Remolded Ariake Clays. J Geotech Geoenv Eng 132(2):272–275
  • Koumoto T, Houlsby GT (2001) Theory and practice of the fall cone test. Geˆotechnique 51(8):701–712
  • Lambe, T.W. (1960). A mechanistic picture of shear strength in clay. In Proceedings of the Research Conference on Shear Strength of Cohesive Soils, Boulder, Colo., pp. 555–580.
  • Lee LT (2004) Predicting geotechnical parameters for dredged materials using the slump test method and index property correlations. DOER Technical Notes collection (ERDC TNDOER- D-1), U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Vicksburg, Mississippi. http://www.wes.army. mil/el/dots/doer
  • Nagaraj, T. S., Srinivasa Murthy, B. R., and Vatsala A. (1994). Analysis and prediction of soil behaviour, Wiley Eastern Limited, India.
  • Norman LEJ (1958) A comparison of values of liquid limit determined with apparatus having bases of different hardness. Geˆotechnique 8(2):79–83
  • Trauner L, Dolinar B, Misˇicˇ M (2005) Relationship between the undrained shear strength, water content, and mineralogical properties of fine-grained soils. Int J Geomech 5(4):350–355
  • Shimobe, S. (1999). Simultaneous determination of liquid and plastic limits of soils by extended BS fall cone method and its engineering application. Proc. Of the 44th Symp. On Geotech. Engrg.. JGS, Now. 18-19, Osaka, Japan:7-12.
  • Shimobe, S. (2000). Correlations among liquidity index, undrained shear strength and fall cone penetration of fine grained soils. Proc. Of the Int. Symp. On Coastal Geotech. Engrg. In Practice Sept. 20-22, Yokohama, Vol 1: 141-146.
  • Skempton, A. W., and Northey, R. D. (1953). ‘‘The sensitivity of clays.’’ Geotechnique, 3, 30–53.
  • Stone KJL, Phan KD (1995) Cone penetration tests near the plastic limit. Geˆotechnique 45(1):155–158
  • Yilmaz I, (2000) Evaluation of shear strength of clayey soils by using their liquidity index. Bull Eng. Geol. Env. 59(3):227–229
  • Youseff MS, El Ramli AH, El Demery M (1965) Relationships between shear strength, consolidation, liquid limit, and plastic limit for remoulded clays. In Proceedings 6th international conference on soil mechanics and foundation engineering, vol 1. Montreal, pp. 126–129.
  • Yong, R.N., and Warkentin, B.P. 1966. Introduction to soil behaviour. The MacMillan Company, New York. Wood DM, Wroth CP (1978) The use of the cone penetrometer to determine the plastic limit of soils. Ground Eng 11(3):37.
  • Wood DM, (1985) Some Fallcone tests. Geotech 35(1):64–68.
  • Wood, D.M. (1983) Cone penetrometer and liquid limit: Discussion. Géotechnique, 33(1): 76–80.
There are 21 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Eyyüb Karakan 0000-0003-2133-6796

Süleyman Demir This is me 0000-0002-6881-1155

Publication Date December 31, 2018
Submission Date November 7, 2018
Published in Issue Year 2018 Volume: 10 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Karakan, E., & Demir, S. (2018). Relationship Between Undrained Shear Strength with Atterberg Limits of Kaolinite/Bentonite – Quartz Mixtures. International Journal of Engineering Research and Development, 10(3), 92-102. https://doi.org/10.29137/umagd.480150

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